Codelco

Corporación Nacional del Cobre
Archivo:Codelco logo.svg
Acrónimo	Codelco
Tipo	Empresa estatal
Industria	Minería
Fundación	1 de abril de 1976
Sede central	Santiago, Chile
Pdte. del Directorio	Máximo Pacheco Matte
Pdte. Ejecutivo	Jorge Gómez Díaz
Productos	Cobre
Ingresos	USD 8.721 millones (2015)
Beneficio económico	USD 1.075 millones (2015)
Beneficio neto	USD 2.078 millones (2020)
Empleados	15 176 (2022)
Sitio web	https://www.codelco.cl/
Cronología
Corporación del Cobre ←Codelco

La Corporación Nacional del Cobre, más conocida como Codelco, es una empresa estatal chilena dedicada a la explotación minera cuprífera. Este opera ocho centros de trabajo, ubicados entre la Región de Antofagasta y la Región de O'Higgins y su casa matriz se encuentra en Santiago.

Operaciones

Codelco posee siete divisiones mineras, además de la División Ventanas y la casa matriz en Santiago. A continuación se detallan en orden geográfico:

División	Ubicación	Inicio	Descripción	Dotación propia (2021)	Producción (2021)	Imagen
Chuquicamata	Calama, región de Antofagasta	1915	Mina a rajo abierto y subterránea. Producción de cátodos electrorrefinados y electroobtenidos y concentrado de cobre	3935 personas	319.280 tmf	Archivo:Chuquicamata-002 02.jpg
Radomiro Tomic	Calama, región de Antofagasta	1997	Mina a rajo abierto Producción de cátodos electroobtenidos.	1251 personas	326.456 tmf
Ministro Hales	Calama, región de Antofagasta	2010	Mina a rajo abierto y subterránea. Producción de calcina de cobre, concentrado de cobre y plata.	771 personas	181.704 tmf
Gabriela Mistral	Sierra Gorda, región de Antofagasta	2008	Mina a rajo abierto Producción de cátodos electrorrefinados.	457 personas	100.908 tmf
Salvador	Diego de Almagro, región de Atacama	1959	Mina subterránea y a rajo abierto. Producción de cátodos electrorrefinados y electroobtenidos.	1501 personas	52.885 tmf
Andina	Los Andes, región de Valparaíso	1970	Mina subterránea y a rajo abierto Producción de concentrado de cobre.	1424 personas	177.216 tmf	Archivo:Faenas en División Andina (Codelco Chile).jpg
Ventanas	Puchuncaví, región de Valparaíso	1964	Fundición y refinería.	774 personas	—	Archivo:Las Ventanas 20171108 Codelco fRF03.jpg
Casa Matriz	Santiago, región Metropolitana	1976	Funciones administrativas	—
El Teniente	Rancagua, región de O'Higgins	1905	Mina subterránea y a rajo abierto. Producción de ánodos de cobre.	3845 personas	459.817 tmf	Archivo:Fundición de cobre en El Teniente.jpg

Producción

A continuación se detalla la producción anual de cobre fino (en miles de toneladas métricas) y de molibdeno (en toneladas métricas) desde la fundación de Codelco, de acuerdo a los datos estadísticos de Cochilco:

Producción anual de cobre (miles TM) Año Producción total % prod. nacional 1976 846.8 84.2 1977 892.7 84.7 1978 876.5 84.8 1979 910.2 85.6 1980 904.5 84.7 1981 893.6 82.7 1982 1 032.9 83.2 1983 1 012.1 80.5 1984 1 049.8 81.3 1985 1 076.7 79.4 1986 1 102.0 78.7 1987 1 090.6 76.9 1988 1 091.1 75.2 1989 1 243.1 77.2 1990 1 195.3 75.3 1991 1 125.5 62.0 1992 1 156.3 59.8 1993 1 139.4 55.4 1994 1 134.1 51.1 1995 1 164.7 46.8 1996 1 221.3 39.2 1997 1 231.2 36.3 1998 1 402.8 38.0 1999 1 507.5 34.3 2000 1 515.7 32.9 2001 1 592.3 33.6 2002 1 519.7 33.2 2003 1 562.5 31.9 2004 1 733.2 32.0 2005 1 728.0 32.5 2006 1 675.9 31.3 2007 1 583.3 28.5 2008 1 466.4 27.5 2009 1 702.0 31.6 2010 1 689.1 31.2 2011 1 735.2 33.0 2012 1 646.5 30.3 2013 1 621.7 28.1 2014 1 671.8 29.0 2015 1 731.7 30.0 2016 1 707.5 30.8 2017 1 733.9 31.5 2018 1 677.5 28.8 2019 1 588.2 27.4 2020 1 618.0 28.2

Producción anual de molibdeno (TM) Año Producción total % prod. nacional 1976 10 899.0 100 1977 10 937.0 100 1978 13 196.0 100 1979 13 559.0 100 1980 13 668.0 100 1981 15 360.0 100 1982 20 048.0 100 1983 15 264.0 100 1984 16 861.0 100 1985 18 391.0 100 1986 16 581.0 100 1987 16 941.0 100 1988 15 515.0 100 1989 16 550.0 100 1990 13 830.0 100 1991 14 434.0 100 1992 14 840.0 100 1993 14 899.0 100 1994 15 948.0 99.5 1995 16 717.0 93.4 1996 15 347.0 88.1 1997 18 848.0 88.3 1998 21 608.0 85.4 1999 23 787.0 87.1 2000 24 944.0 75.2 2001 24 237.0 72.4 2002 19 901.0 67.5 2003 23 173.0 69.4 2004 32 324.0 77.2 2005 36 566.0 76.1 2006 27 203.0 62.9 2007 27 857.0 62.0 2008 20 525.0 60.9 2009 21 558.0 61.7 2010 21 675.0 58.3 2011 23 048.0 56.4 2012 19 460.0 55.5 2013 23 044.0 59.5 2014 30 628.6 62.8 2015 27 683.4 52.7 2016 30 640.2 55.1 2017 28 673.8 45.7 2018 24 030.9 39.6 2019 22 352.5 40.8

En el siguiente gráfico se muestra la producción de cobre de Codelco distribuida por división: 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Asociaciones mineras

A través de la Ley N.º 19.137, del 12 de mayo de 1992, Codelco se puede asociar con terceros para realizar sus actividades mineras. Su principal asociación ha sido la Sociedad Contractual Minera El Abra, para el yacimiento de cobre del mismo nombre, ubicado en la región de Antofagasta. Formada en 1994, Codelco mantiene un 49% de participación, mientras el 51% restante lo controla Cyprus El Abra Corporation, filial de Freeport-McMoRan Copper. Además, Codelco además también participa en la sociedad contractual minera Purén, donde posee un 35% de participación (el resto pertenece a Compañía Minera Mantos de Oro, controlada por Goldcorp Inc. y Kinross).

Investigación e innovación tecnológica

CodelcoTech

En junio de 2016, el presidente del directorio Óscar Landerretche, anunció la creación de "Codelco Technologies" (CodelcoTech) como nueva filial, con la misión de consolidar los esfuerzos que realizan sus filiales que hacen innovación tecnológica bajo un solo paraguas, bajo un modelo de "innovación abierta", modelo que otras grandes mineras como BHP Billiton y Anglo American ya han experimentado con resultados prometedores.

Aporte a empresas tecnológicas

BioSigma

BioSigma es una empresa filial de Codelco Technologies Ltd que desarrolla, implementa y adapta soluciones biotecnológicas integrales para la industria minera a través de procesos sustentables. Esta cuenta con una planta de producción de biomasa lixiviante ubicada en la División Radomiro Tomic de Codelco. A partir de diciembre del año 2016, BioSigma se fusionó con las demás filiales tecnológicas de Codelco, para dar paso a la creación de CodelcoTech.

EcoMetales

EcoMetales Limited es una empresa filial de Codelco Technologies Ltd (Bermuda), que ofrece soluciones ambientales a la minería y procesos para la recuperación de metales. Esta nace en el 2001 para contribuir a resolver los problemas que genera la disposición de residuos mineros, aprovechando de recuperar los componentes de valor presentes en dichos residuos.

EcoMetales actualmente procesa residuos provenientes de las divisiones de Chuquicamata, Ventanas y El Salvador.

Véase también

• Minería en Chile
• Gran Minería del Cobre en Chile
• Comisión Chilena del Cobre (Cochilco)
• Empresa Nacional de Minería (Enami)
• Anexo:Empresas estatales de Chile

Enlaces externos

• Archivo:Commons-logo.svg Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Codelco.
• Sitio oficial de Codelco Archivado el 9 de septiembre de 2004 en Wayback Machine.